History

Bison: The Giants of Grasslands

The bison, often referred to as the "buffalo" in North America, is a powerful and enduring symbol of the wild. These massive herbivores once roamed the plains and forests of North America and Europe in vast herds, shaping the landscapes they inhabited. Today, their conservation story is one of resilience and recovery, reflecting humanity’s ability to reverse environmental harm.

Bison are among the largest terrestrial animals in their regions, with males weighing over a ton. Their shaggy coats provide insulation during harsh winters, while their large, curved horns are used for defense and competition. Despite their size, bison are surprisingly agile, capable of running at speeds of up to 35 miles per hour.

As keystone species, bison play a critical role in their habitats. Their grazing patterns help maintain grassland health by promoting plant diversity and preventing overgrowth. Bison also create wallows—depressions in the ground where they roll—which provide microhabitats for other species.

Once numbering in the millions, bison populations were decimated in the 19th century due to overhunting and habitat loss. By the early 20th century, they were on the brink of extinction. Conservation efforts, including protected reserves and breeding programs, have successfully restored bison populations in many areas.

The bison's resurgence is a testament to the importance of conservation. As guardians of the grasslands, these gentle giants symbolize the balance between human activity and nature.